The Boydston-Snow Connection, Part 2

Version: 25 Nov 2025

The Boydston-Snow Connection, Part 2

By Marcia C. Field and Richard L. Tolman, Ph. D.

The Boydston-Snow Problem

Part 1 details the ancestry of David Boydston/Boylston and his family. This continuation of the Boydston-Snow problem deals with the ancestry of David Boydston’s wife Mahala Snow (they were married¹ 1737 at Maryland). There are many Snow families in British Colonial America. Two of the early Snow immigrants to the New Plymouth Colony are Nicholas Snow (immigrated on the Anne in 1623, settled in Eastham (later Barnstable County), Massachusetts Bay Colony) and William Snow² (immigrated on the Susan and Ellen in 1635 and settled in Bridgewater, Massachusetts Bay Colony).

Figure 1. The Boydston—Snow Pedigree

Because of the Snow matches (DNA) we are here focused on Nicholas Snow, his wife Constance Hopkins (immigrated on the Mayflower in 1620) and their extended family who lived for the most part in what became Barnstable County, Massachusetts in 1685.

Mahala Snow

FamilySearch Family Tree and Domonoske 3rd Ed³ have parents for Mahala: John and Elizabeth Hudson Snow. This has been incontrovertibly confirmed from a descendant’s DNA (Marcia Case Field, hereafter MCF), see Part 1. Mahala’s mother Elizabeth Huttson/Hudson⁴ is identified as a dau of Nicholas and Elizabeth Freeman Huttson/Hudson, born at Pokomoke (Hundred), Somerset County, Maryland, British Colonial America.⁵

It remains to identify in time and place Elizabeth Hudson’s husband John Snow, of which there are many. To keep track of all the John Snows, they will be numbered chronologically in the essay. John Snow should have been born in the timeframe 1665 to 1680 (wife Elizabeth b. 1671).⁶

It was noticed that in the Polk/Maryland search (from Part 1) a Common Ancestor (CA) [Constance Hopkins Snow] was uncovered for the ‘Stephanie Evans’ match; this is an indication that John Snow may be a descendant of Constance’s husband Nicholas Snow.

Nicholas Snow⁷ immigrated to Plymouth in 1623 and settled in Eastham, Barnstable, Massachusetts in 1625; his wife Constance Hopkins (m. 1627) immigrated with her father in 1620 on the Mayflower. These Snows are a predominantly Massachusetts family with most descendants remaining in Barnstable County. One of Nicholas’ sons, John Snow (I) 1638-1692 married⁸,⁹ (1) 1667 at Eastham Mary Smale/SmalleyMary Smale/Smalley (1647-1703); they raised¹⁰ a large family in Eastham, Barnstable.¹¹ After John (I)’s death in 1692, Mary married Ephraim Doane.

John (I) and Mary Smalley Snow had three sons that included a John (II) 1678-1738. The other two sons, Isaac and Elisha, left Barnstable County for the Duck Creek Hundred (Delaware). The Duck Creek Hundred (north of Dover toward Smyrna) is directly east of Kent County, Maryland and northeast of Somerset County, Maryland, home of the Boydstons. John (II)’s brother Isaac Snow was born 10 Aug 1683 in Barnstable, Massachusetts and died 21 Mar 1745 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware; he married abt 1710 at Kent, Delaware Alice Hall.¹² John (II)’s other brother Elisha was born 10 Jan 1686/7 and died Jan 1752 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware; he married abt 1711 unknown and in 1737 (2) Elizabeth Redman.

John (II) 1678-1738 married 25 Feb 1700/1 at Eastham Elizabeth Ridley, dau of Mark Ridley of Truro,¹³ Barnstable; he died 1738 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware. Although John (II) fits the timeframe to be Mahala’s father [John ] there is much to indicate it is not so—in addition to possessing a different spouse, his grave details,¹⁴ his will of 1738,¹⁵ and published histories¹⁶, establish him with a separate, different identity. Mahala is not mentioned anywhere in the records he left behind. This presents a problem for us because of the genealogical constraints outlined above. There remain simply very few options for us: we know that John Snow must be born around Elizabeth Hudson’s birthyear 1671 and is a likely grandson of Nicholas and Constance Hopkins Snow.

It is straightforward to confirm whether John Snow married to Elizabeth Hudson is a son of John (I) and Mary Smalley Snow. Search of MCF’s DNA for Smalley/Massachusetts gave 31 matches and 19 of them have an MCF CA [John and Ann Walden Smalley]]—these are the parents of Mary Smalley. Additionally, there are 3 matches with a different and earlier CA [Edward and Elizabeth Shurt Smalley] —the proposed grandparents¹⁷ of Mary Smalley (See Cluster 1). Not all matches are included in the cluster—those with high-risk confounding surnames were omitted (see Part 1 for the confounding surname list). The CA’s are strong evidence of direct lineage, but ‘W. B.’ (8 cM, with no confounding surnames) has to be considered a proof.

In summary, Smalley is on MCF’s direct line confirming the hypothesis that John Snow, husband of Elizabeth Hudson, is a son of John and Mary Smalley Snow and grandson of Nicholas Snow.

John (II) and his wife Elizabeth Ridley began their family in Eastham and had four children there, but they then moved to Truro abt 1708 where eight more children were born.¹⁸ John (I) had established a presence in Truro in 1639 (then called ‘Pamet/Paomet’) and was one of the oldest proprietors there and of course John (II)’s wife Elizabeth Ridley was raised there. John (II) established himself as a stalwart in the Truro Congregational Church.¹⁹,²⁰

In Mar 1728 John (II) was chosen as ruling elder in the Truro Church, but he never served ‘being discarded for suspected adultery and other misdemeanors’.²¹,²² About 1728 John (II) moved to the Duck Creek Hundred in Delaware where he joined his brothers Isaac and Elisha who had already established themselves there in 1711 (his wife and children stayed in Truro, Cape Cod).²³ John (II) married again in Delaware (2) Hannah ____ and had one son, David.²⁴,²⁵ No divorce record has been found. Perhaps the reference to ‘adultery and other misdemeanors’ involved a relationship with Elizabeth Hudson and the birth of dau Mahala.

We know that Elizabeth Hudson was born in Somerset County, Maryland and lived in Maryland at Mahala’s birth (from Mahala’s marriage record); we do not know if and when she married or died; she was age 47 at the birth of her dau Mahala. Domonoske²⁶ and Torrance²⁷ have both indicated that Elizabeth was married to John Snow, but no source is given. Examination of the Maryland and Delaware records revealed little. There is no mention of any Snows in the later 17th-18th century in Maryland, except for a 1740 marriage²⁸ of a John Snow to Mary Westwood at Anne Arundel County, Maryland. In the Maryland Judicial Records of 1689-1690²⁹ there is a judgment against a John Snow, Planter of Accomack County for payment for 1500 lbs of tobacco. Nothing relevant was found in Delaware as the records there are very poor for this time period.

Some have placed Mahala as a dau of John (II)’s brother Elisha³⁰ and his unknown (1) wife [Elizabeth Hudson would then be identified as the unknown wife (1)]. The problem with this scenario is that Torrance³¹ has indicated that Elizabeth Hudson’s spouse was named John Snow and Elisha Snow, her purported father, does not mention her in his will³² although all the other living children are mentioned. There is also the age gap between Elisha and Elizabeth (15 yrs); as wife (1) Elizabeth would have borne four children after age 42. A search of MCF DNA for Hall/DE and Redman/DE or VA (wives of Isaac and Elisha) gave no matches adding further evidence that they are not on MCF’s direct line.

It has been shown that Mahala’s descendant MCF possesses Snow, Smalley, Hopkins, Hudson, and Freeman DNA. As Sherlock once said (Arthur Conan Doyle, The Sign of the Four) ‘When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.’ It’s not so improbable—John (II) Snow was an accused adulterer and a man that had no compunction in abandoning his Truro family; he must be John Snow, the father of an illegitimate dau Mahala Snow.

________________________________________

SNOW GENEALOGICAL SUMMARY

Generation 1³³

1. Nicholas Snow was born 1599 at England son of Nicholas Snow, baptized 25 Jan 1599/1600 St. Leonard’s, Shoreditch, London and died 15 Nov 1676 at Eastham, Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. He married 22 May 1627 at Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America Constance Hopkins dau of Stephen and Mary Kent Hopkins. She was born 1606 at Hursley, Hampshire, England, accompanied her father to America on the Mayflower, and died Oct 1677 at Eastham, Barnstable, Massachusetts; both buried at Cove Burying Ground at Eastham, Barnstable.

Nicholas and Constance Hopkins Snow had nine children all of Eastham.³⁴

2 i. MARK SNOW was born 9 May 1628 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. He married (1) 18 Jan 1654 at Eastham Anna Cooke dau of Josiah Cook and (2) 9 Jan 1660 at Eastham Jane Prence dau of Thomas Prence.

3 ii. MARY SNOW was born abt 1630 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. She probably married in 1651.

4 iii. SARAH SNOW was born abt 1632 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. She married 25 Feb 1654 at Eastham William Walker

5 iv. JOSEPH SNOW was born abt 1634 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. He married abt 1670 at Eastham Mary ____.

6 v. STEPHEN SNOW was born abt 1636 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. He married (1) 28 Oct 1663 at Eastham Susanna Rogers widow of Thomas Rogers and dau of Stephen Deane and (2) 9 Apr 1701 at Eastham Mary Bigford.

+ 7 vi. JOHN SNOW (I) was born abt 1638 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. He married 19 Sep 1667 at Eastham Mary Smalley dau of John Smalley.

8 vii. ELIZABETH SNOW was born abt 1640 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. She married 13 Dec 1665 at Eastham Thomas Rogers son of Joseph Rogers and grandson of Thomas Rogers.

9 viii. JABEZ SNOW was born abt 1643 at New Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. He married abt 1670 at Eastham Elizabeth Smith³⁵ as her first husband.

10 ix. RUTH SNOW was born abt 1644 at Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America. She married 10 Dec 1666 at Eastham John Cole.

Bradford, describing the family of Constanta Snow stated she was the mother of 12 children all of them living; the missing children were possibly Hannah and Rebecca both of whom married Richards.

Generation 2

7. John Snow (I) was born 1638 at Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America the son of Nicholas and Constance Hopkins Snow and died 14 Apr 1692 at Eastham, Barnstable County;³⁶ buried³⁷ at Cove Burying Ground, Barnstable County. He married 19 Sep 1667 at Eastham, Barnstable, Massachusetts Mary Smalley³⁸ dau of John and Ann Walden Smalley. She was born 11 Dec 1647 at Eastham, Barnstable, Massachusetts and died 22 Nov 1703 at Eastham, Barnstable, Massachusetts; buried³⁹ at Cove Burying Ground at Eastham, Barnstable County. Mary married 20 Apr 1692⁴⁰ (2) Ephraim Doane.⁴¹

BJohn and Mary Smalley Snow had nine children all born in Eastham.⁴²,⁴³

11 i. HANNAH SNOW was born 26 Aug 1670 at Eastham, Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America and died 1717 at Eastham, Barnstable County.⁴⁴ She married 1691 at Eastham, Barnstable County Hezekiah Doane.

12 ii. MARY SNOW was born 10 Mar 1672 and died 1752. She may never have married.

13 iii. ABIGAIL SNOW was born 1673 and died 1716. She married 1693-1694 at Barnstable County, British Colonial America Daniel Small.

14 iv. REBECCA SNOW was born 23 Jul 1676 at Eastham, Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America and died 31 Aug 1753 at Salisbury, Litchfield, Connecticut. She married 1684 at Lewiston, Androscoggin, Maine Deacon Benjamin Small son of Francis and Elizabeth Small of Lewiston, Androscoggin, Maine.⁴⁵

+ 15 v. JOHN SNOW (II) was born 3 May 1678 at Eastham, Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America and died 14 Oct 1738 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent County, British Colonial America. He married Elizabeth Ridley.

+ 16 vi. ISAAC SNOW was born 10 Aug 1683 and died Aug 1745.⁴⁶ He married abt 1710 at Kent County, Delaware Alice Hall.

17 vii. LYDIA SNOW was born 29 Sep 1685. She married abt 1703 at Eastham, Barnstable County Ebenezer Doane.

+ 18 viii. ELISHA SNOW was born 1687 and died Jan 1752 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware. He married abt 1711 (1) unknown at Barnstable County, British Colonial America and (2) after 1737 Elizabeth Redman.

19 ix. PHEBE SNOW was born 1689 and died 1715. She married 1 Mar 1714 at Truro, Barnstable Jonathan Dyer.

Generation 3

15. John Snow (II) was born 3 May 1678 at Eastham, Plymouth Colony, British Colonial America and died 14 Oct 1738 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent County, British Colonial America.⁴⁷ He married⁴⁸ (1) 25 Feb 1700/01 at Orleans, Massachusetts Elizabeth Ridley, dau of Mark Ridley of Truro, Barnstable and (2) Hannah ____⁴⁹ who survived him. Elizabeth Ridley was born 13 May 1678 and died 29 Apr 1736, burial details unknown.⁵⁰

John and Elizabeth Ridley Snow had twelve children at Barnstable County, Massachusetts.⁵¹

20 i. JOSHUA SNOW was born 22 Sep 1701 at Eastham.

21 ii. ANN SNOW was born 17 Jul 1703 at Eastham.

22 iii. ELIZABETH SNOW was born 27 Mar 1705 at Eastham.

23 iv. JOHN SNOW (III) (twin) was born 27 Dec 1706 at Truro.

24 v. PHINEAS SNOW (twin) was born 27 Dec 1706 at Truro and died 16 Jan 1706 at Truro.

25 vi. ANTHONY SNOW was born 28 Jul 1709 at Truro and died 14 Jul 1796; buried⁵² at Old North Cemetery, Truro, Barnstable County. He married Feb 1732. Sarah Paine, born 17 Jul 1714.⁵³

26 vii. ELISHA SNOW was born 20 Oct 1711 at Truro.

27 viii. Deacon ISAAC SNOW was born 11 Feb 1713/14 at Truro and died 15 Feb 1799 at Saint George, Knox, Maine; buried⁵⁴ at North Parish Cemetery, Knox, Maine. He was a navy captain, served in King Phillip’s War.

28 ix. MARY SNOW was born 16 Aug 1716 at Truro and died 19 Feb 1764 at Barnstable County, Massachusetts, buried⁵⁵ at Dillingham Cemetery, Brewster, Barnstable, Massachusetts . She married John Dillingham.

29 x. AMBROSE SNOW was born 6 Jan 1718/19 at Truro.

30 xi. AMASA SNOW was born 9 Jan 1720/21 at Truro. He married Mary Collins.⁵⁶

31 xii. DAVID SNOW was born 15 Mar 1722/23 and died 15 Sep 1727 at Truro.

John Snow and Elizabeth Hudson⁵⁷,⁵⁸ had a dau.

32 i. MAHALA SNOW was born 1718 probably at Maryland and died 1751 probably at Maryland. She married⁵⁹ 1737 at Maryland David Boydston. (for details see Part 1).

John and Hannah ____ Snow had a son.⁶⁰

33 i. DAVID SNOW was born after 1727 of Kent, Delaware.

15. Isaac Snow was born 10 Aug 1683 at Eastham, Barnstable County and died 21 Mar 1745 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America.⁶¹ He married abt 1710 at Kent County, British Colonial America Alice Hall.⁶² She was born 1683 and died 1747 at Kent County, Delaware.

Isaac and Alice Hall Snow had four children.⁶³

34 i. WILLIAM B. SNOW was born 1719 of Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America and died 19 May 1783 at Surry County, North Carolina. He married 1752 Martha Elizabeth Clift; she was born 1730 and died 1796 at Hillsborough, Orange, North Carolina. Eight children.⁶⁴

35 ii. JOHN SNOW (IV) was born 1723 of Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America and died 1757 at Smyrna, Delaware, British Colonial America.⁶⁵

36 iii. BENJAMIN SNOW witnessed Kent Co. will of his cousin Elisha Snow, son of Elisha dated 16 Feb 1761.

37 iv. ISAAC SNOW was born 1727 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America. He married Martha ____ and had six children: Ebenezer, Isaac, Joseph, Benjamin, John and William. They moved to Surry Co. North Carolina abt 1778.

18. Elisha Snow was born 10 Jan 1686/7 at Eastham, Barnstable and died Jan 1752 at Duck Creek Hundred, British Colonial America; buried⁶⁶ in honor of his wife Rebecca Snow (1770-1813), ggdau of Elisha. [/mfn] at Naudain Family Cemetery, Leipsic, Kent, Delaware (Snow Farms is NNE abt one mile). He and his brother Isaac left Cape Cod in 1712 and purchased land in the Duck Creek Hundred (near Smyrna, today Leipsic, DE).

The Snow farm (Elisha eventually acquired Isaac’s share of the property) was near ‘Snowland’ (the name of Naudain residence) and encompasses a family burial ground, today called Naudain Family Cemetery (Elisha’s gdau Rebecca Snow married a Naudain).

Elisha married (1) abt 1711 perhaps at Barnstable County, British Colonial America unknown (she had died by Jul 1737). He married (2) after 20 Jul 1737 at Duck Creek (Smyrna), Kent, Delaware Elizabeth Redman dau of John and Helen Preston Redman. She died after 1752.⁶⁷ On 10 Jul 1737 Elisha gave ‘after death’ 199 acres to be divided between son James and Elizabeth ‘Redmon’. Ten days later he gave a tract of equal size to sons Elisha, Joshua and James Snow. On the same day he gave ‘after death’ 246 acres to Elizabeth, dau of John Redman, provided Elizabeth marry him.⁶⁸ There is no mention of a dau in all of this.

Elisha and unknown Snow had four children.⁶⁹

38 i. ELISHA SNOW was born abt 1713 of Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America.

39 ii. JAMES SNOW was born abt 1716 of Duck Creek Hundred, British Colonial America and died 22 Jan 1766 at Duck Creek, Kent, Delaware. He married Margaret Draughton⁷⁰ dau of John Draughton; she was born 1713 at Duck Creek, Smyrna and died 27 May 1767 at Duck Creek, Kent, Delaware.⁷¹

40 iii. JOSHUA SNOW was born abt 1717 of Duck Creek, Kent, Delaware and died before 9 Nov 1744 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America when administration of his estate was granted to father Elisha.⁷²

41 iv. JESSE SNOW was born abt 1719 and was mentioned in his father’s will.⁷³

Elisha and Elizabeth Redman Snow had four children.⁷⁴

42 i. SILAS SNOW was born abt 1738 of Duck Creek Hundred, British Colonial America and died 22 Oct 1793 at Duck Creek, Kent, Delaware. He married 1758 at Smyrna, Kent, Delaware Elizabeth Paxson.⁷⁵

43 ii. JOHN SNOW (V) was born abt 1740 and died between 29 Dec 1760 and 11 Feb 1761 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America. He left a will.⁷⁶

44 iii. PHEBE SNOW was born abt 1742 of Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware, British Colonial America.

45 iv. JOSEPH SNOW was born 16 Feb 1749/50 at Duck Creek Hundred, British Colonial America and died 22 Apr 1775 at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent, Delaware.⁷⁷

NOTES

1. Boydston/Snow marriage: U. S. and International Marriage Records 1560-1900; the record actually discloses only the 1737 marriage in Maryland of Mahala Snow (b. 1718) to David Boylston (b. 1716, VA); online at Ancestry.

2. William Snow married Rebecca Brown, a dau of Peter Brown, a Mayflower Pilgrim. A gdau of William and Rebecca, Betty Snow, married William Tolman in 1757; cf. John D. Austin Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, Vol. 7 ‘Family: Peter Brown (Boston, MA: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 1988) pp. 7, 194; online at FamilySearch; hereafter Mayflower Families.

3. Gladys Boydstun Domonoske The Boydstun-Boydston Family (Davis, California: self-published, 1979, 3rd Edition); hereafter Domonoske 3rd Ed. (1979), p. 55 (also in the 2nd Ed.) and the Domonoske 1st Ed. (1971).

4. Maryland, Births and Christenings 1650-1995, ‘Elizabeth Huttson’, online at FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HYLZ-QF2M.

5. ‘Early Maryland History’ at Enoch Pratt Library, Baltimore MD: Colonial Period (1633-1763) Early Settlers of Maryland: In the early 17th century, Maryland Colony gave 50 acres to every settler who ‘transported’ (themselves) to the Colony. In this database (Maryland Land Patent Volumes) there are several entries for Freeman and Hudson who were transports, but nothing for Snow or Boylston.

6. Clayton Torrance Old Somerset on the Eastern Shore of Maryland (Richmond, Virginia: Whittet & Shepperson, 1935), p. 446; hereafter Torrance, Eastern Shore of Maryland.

Summary: George Hasfurt married (1) Clemence Kerne (d. 1677). He married (2) after 1677 Elizabeth Freeman Hudson, widow of Nicholas Hudson (or Hutson/Huttson), George then died before 20 Feb Jan 1686/7 at Pocomoke Hundred. ‘The widow Elizabeth had three children with first husband Nicholas Hudson: Elizabeth, b. 1671, m. John Snow; Richard, b. (before 1669) and d. 1676; and Violetta (b. before 1669), m. Richard Watson.’ Nicholas Hudson transported (see Note 4) from Accomack, VA in 1669 with wife Elizabeth (Freeman), son Richard and dau Violetta.

7. ‘Nicholas Snow of Eastham and some of his Descendants’, Cape Cod Library of Local History and Genealogy, Vol 1, pp. 6-14; online at Ancestry, image 516-526/915; hereafter Cape Cod Library, pp. 6-14.

8. Robert Charles Anderson The Great Migration Begins; Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vol III (Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1995) p. 1701-1704; the Nicholas Snow/Constance Hopkins family group and references therein; hereafter Anderson, The Great Migration Begins.

9. John D. Austin Mayflower Families in Progress ‘Stephen Hopkins of the Mayflower and His Descendants for Four Generations’ (Boston, MA: General Society of Mayflower Descendants, 1988) pp 4-13 (online at FamilySearch); hereafter Mayflower Families in progress.

10. Ibid., p. 6.

11. Lora Altine Woodbury Underhill, Descendants of Edward Small of New England, Vol. 1(Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1934), pp.34-38; hereafter Underhill.

12. FamilySearch Family Tree and sources cited therein.

13. Mrs. Charles L. Alden, ‘Snow Genealogy’ The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol 51, 205 (1897); hereafter Alden. This article has been reviewed/summarized, see Gary Boyd Roberts, Genealogies of the Mayflower Families, Vol III (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1985) pp. 368-371.

14. Findagrave #194030218.

15. 1738 Will of John Snow (II), Calendar of Kent County, Delaware probate records 1680-1800, p. 83; will made Oct. 9, 1738—probated Oct. 14, 1738, names wife Hannah, son David, executor Isaac (brother), witness Elisha Snow; online at FamilySearch; hereafter 1738 Will of John Snow.

16. Cape Cod Library, p. 6-7; ‘Nicholas Snow of Eastham’; Anderson, The Great Migration Begins; and Mayflower Families and sources named therein..

17. Underhill p. 22 endorses Shebnah Rich’s (note 22) contention that Edward and Elizabeth Shurt Smalley are grandparents of Mary Smalley, but there is no supporting source (others have not accepted this linkage). The fact is that MCF’s DNA matches (‘Nancy Cole’ and ‘M. H.’) seems to add proof to this idea since DNA is shared from Francis Smalley of Truro.

18. Alden.

19. Underhill, p. 38-39, ‘Mr. John Snow also served as Deacon from Jan 1717/18 to January 11, 1726/27 when he was chosen one of the ‘Presbiteriean Ruling Elders’, an office he never filled.

20. First Congregational Church records (Truro, Massachusetts), 1711-1834; microfilm at Family History Library, Salt Lake City. There are frequent mentions of John Snow as an active member of the congregation before 1727.

21. Mayflower Families in progress, p. 56-7 and sources named therein.

22. Shebnah Rich, Truro-Cape Cod: Land Marks and Sea Marks (Boston, MA: D. Lothrop and Company, 1883), p. 157; online at FamilySearch, image 167/596. ‘January 1718…and John Snow were chosen by the Church to proceed to deaconships…Mr. John Snow for some irregularity, was never proved in the office of ruling elder.’

23. Ibid., p. 56.

24. Mayflower Families in progress, p. 56-7 and sources named therein.

25. See ‘John B. Snow, Jr.’ on Wikitree.com and an interesting, imaginative biography.

26. Domonoske 1st Ed., p. 88; Torrance was likely her source.

27. Torrance, Eastern Shore of Maryland.

28. Maryland, U. S. Compiled Marriage Index 1654-1777, image 180/244, online at Ancestry.

29. Maryland State Archives online. Somerset County Judicial Records 1689-1690, Vol. 106, Page 202.

30. FamilySearch Family Tree and sources therein.

31. Torrance, Eastern Shore of Maryland.

32. 1744 Will of Elisha Snow, Delaware, Wills and Probate Records, Kent County 1680-1860, image 61/666, mentions wife (2) Elizabeth and sons Elisha, James and Jesse but no mention of any dau or Mahala, will date 15 Jan1744, probated 8 Feb 1752; online at Ancestry; hereafter 1744 Will of Elisha Snow.

33. Robert Charles Anderson The Great Migration Begins; Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vol III (Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1995) p. 1701-1704; the Nicholas Snow/Constance Hopkins family group and references therein.

34. FamilySearch Family Tree and sources therein.

35. North America, Family Histories, 1500-2000, A family history—recording the ancestors of Russel Snow Hitchcock; online at Ancestry; also Torrey image 705/1022.

36. Barnstable County was created in 1685 from the New Plymouth Colony.

37. Findagrave #8632751.

38. Robert Charles Anderson The Great Migration Begins; Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vol III (Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1995) p. 1689; the John Smalley/Ann Walden family group; dau Mary marriage. Also Torrey, p. 691.

39. Findagrave #16250307; nice bio.

40. Clarence Almon Torrey New England Marriages: Prior to 1700 (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1985); hereafter Torrey.

41. Cape Cod Library, p. 6

42. Mayflower Families: [Final publication] John D. Austin Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, Vol. 6 ‘Family: Stephen Hopkins, pp. 17-18.

43. FamilySearch Family Tree and sources therein.

44. Findagrave #73440150.

45. Maine, Vital Records, online at FamilySearch https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q21S-94MD.

46. Findagrave #16247560.

47. Findagrave #194030218.

48. Torrey, p. 691.

49. 1738 Will of John (II) Snow; John and Hannah were probably married as John refers to her as his ‘well beloved wife’.

50. Findagrave #194030302.

51. Mayflower Families in progress, p. 56-7 and sources named therein.

52. Findagrave #45114261.

53. U. S. Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications 1889-1970, Norman Lombard application, online at Ancestry.

54. Findagrave #20158741.

55. Findagrave #13517940, nice copy of Family Bible attached w/all of family births/deaths.

56. George Ernest Bowman and Susan E. Roser, Mayflower Births and Deaths, Vol. 2. (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992, Hopkins p. 6; hereafter Mayflower Births and Deaths.

57. Domonoske 3rd Ed., p. 88.

58. Maryland, Births and Christenings, online at FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HYLH-YH2M; born 3 Apr 1671 at Somerset County, Maryland to Nicholas and Elizabeth Freeman Hudson. No marriage record.

59. Boydston/Snow marriage: U. S. and International Marriage Records, 1590-1900, online at Ancestry.

60. 1738 Will of John (II) Snow.

61. Findagrave #16247560, burial details unknown.

62. Mayflower Families, Vol 6, pp 65-66.

63. Mayflower Families in progress, p. 56-7 and sources named therein.

64. Findagrave #186045014, burial details unknown.

65. FamilySearch Family Tree and sources therein.

66. Findagrave #235936379, useful bio. In 1714 Thomas Green owned this land (including what became the cemetery, across the street from the Snow house). He sold to William Barnes in 1774 and he sold by 1790 to Andrew Naudain who built a home there that he called Snowland in honor of his wife Rebecca Snow (1770-1813), ggdau of Elisha.

67. Ibid.; see bio.

68. 1744 Will of Elisha Snow.

69. Mayflower Families, Vol 6, p. 65 and references therein.

70. Mayflower Families, Vol 6, pp. 65-66.

71. FamilySearch Family Tree and sources therein.

72. 1793 Will of Silas Snow, Kent County, Delaware Wills, 1783-1800, online at FamilySearch https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9Y5-QQGR, image 367/566.

73. Cain Family Tree, owner stovie36; online at Ancestry.

74. 1744 Will of Elisha Snow.

75. Mayflower Families in progress, p. 56-7 and sources named therein.

76. 1793 Will of Silas Snow, Kent County, Delaware Wills, 1783-1800, online at FamilySearch https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9Y5-QQGR, image 367/566.

77. 1760 Will of John Snow, naming brother Silas and sister Phebe, online at Ancestry.

78. Mayflower Births and Deaths, Hopkins p. 6.