The Toulmins of Lancashire

Version: 13 May 2020

The Toulmin Family of Lancashire, England

Richard L. Tolman, Ph. D.

The American family and English origins of the immigrant Thomas Tolman/Touleman (1608-1690) are detailed in the accompanying essay ‘Thomas Tolman (1608-1690) of Dorchester, Massachusetts’. Also presented in that essay is some DNA evidence that his origin is Lancashire, England. The purpose of this essay is to present additional DNA evidence of the Lancashire family and to expand the understanding of the Lancashire families and collateral lines.

Examination of the Lancaster, Lancashire parish registers revealed a son Thomas¹ born (illegitimate) to Issabel Towmng/Towning and Roger Parkenson in Lancaster, Lancashire on the 9th day of the twelfth month of 1608² (Lancaster is 40 miles north of Liverpool in Lancashire). Issabel was born in 1588 in Lancaster to William and Elizabeth Towlming (Toulmin).³ Issabel subsequently married William Wilkinson in 1612 and had a large family (see Genealogical Summary 1 below). Roger Parkinson was already married (1601) to Dorothy Dawson and had children (see Genealogical Summary 1 below).

Genealogical Summary 1: Ancestors of the Massachusetts Tolman/Touleman Family

Generation 1

1. Issabel Towlming was born abt 1588 of Lancaster, Lancashire, England.⁴ She had an illegitimate son with Richard Parkenson in 1608.⁵

Richard Parkenson and Issabel Towlming had a son who immigrated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635.

2 i. THOMAS TOULEMAN/TOLMAN⁶,⁷,⁸ christened 9 Feb 1608 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England; died 18 Jun 1690 at Dorchester, Suffolk, Massachusetts.

Issabel subsequently married⁹ 20 Oct 1612 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire William Wilkinsonn. He was born abt 1584.

William and Issabel (Towlming) Wilkinsonn had at least seven children.¹⁰

3 i. JOHN WILKINSON christened 12 Feb 1613 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England.¹¹

4 ii. ELLINE WILKINSON christened 1 Apr 1613 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England.¹²

5 iii. RICH WILKINSON born abt 1615 and buried¹³ 9 May 1648 of Wiresdalle, Lancashire (father Willm.).

6 iv. JOHN WILKINSON christened 7 Sep 1615 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England.¹⁴

7 v. MARGRETT WILKINSON born abt 1615 of Lancaster, Lancashire. She married¹⁵ 12 Jul 1654 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England Robert Styth (her father Willa.)

8 vi. DOROTHIE WILKINSON born abt 1615 and buried¹⁶ 15 Apr 1661 of Heaton, Lancashire (father Willm.).

9 vii. WILLIAM WILKINSON christened¹⁷ 9 Feb 1625 and buried¹⁸ 9 Dec 1667 of Torrisholme, Lancashire (father Willm).

Richard Parkenson was born 1585 at Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried¹⁹ 24 Jun 1634 at Lancashire; he was a peddler. He married²⁰ 29 Sep 1601 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England Dorothy Dawson.

Richard and Dorothy (Dawson) Parkenson had at least seven children.

10 i. WILLIAM PERKENSONE christened²¹ 25 Oct 1605 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England.

11 ii. WILLIAM PARKENSONE christened²² 30 Jul 1606 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England.

12 iii. ELLINE PARKENSONN christened²³ 7 Nov 1609 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England. She probably married²⁴ 30 Nov 1633 at St. Mary’s, Lancashire, England Gawine Houndman.

13 iv. ROBERT PARKENSON christened²⁵ 2 Apr 1611 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England.

14 v. MARGRETT PARKENSON christened²⁶ 31 May 1611 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England. She married²⁷ 10 Jun 1630 at St. Mary’s, Lancashire, England Edward Edmonson.

15 vi. WILLIAM PARKENSON christened²⁸ 10 Dec 1612 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England.

16 vii. WILLIAM PARKENSON christened²⁹ 11 May 1614 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England. He probably married³⁰ 22 Oct 1636 at Garstang, Lancashire, England Catherine Fife.

The English Toulmin Family

There are four known compiled sources describing the English Toulmin family:

(1) The ‘Toulmin Pedigree’³¹ exists at the Family History Library (FHL) as a film copy of a typewritten manuscript (called the Sherwood Collection). George F. T. Sherwood of the Society of Genealogists has many publications (1867-1910) and has done research on the Toulmin family of England. The portion of the pedigree that exists in the FHL is incomplete (describes abt 200 individuals); it deals mostly with the ‘southern Toulmin family’ (mostly around London) and goes back to an Abraham Toulmin, b. 1580 of Somerset and London; hereafter Sherwood. Although the pedigree is unsourced, much credence must be given to it considering the distinguished genealogist author and the incredible detail in the manuscript (constructed mainly from wills).

(2) Burke’s Peerage,³² 1939 has two detailed pages on the Toulmins and their English ancestry, no sources; hereafter Burke.

(3) Toulmin, George Humphrey, ‘A Catalogue of Toulmins’, Part 1 (London family) and Part 2 (Preston and the North families), a 1990 ms³³ at The Society of Genealogists/National Family History Centre (www.sog.org.uk), excellently sourced; hereafter Toulmin. Toulmin was aware of the Sherwood Collection at the FHL (he referred to it as ME90). One of Toulmin’s favorite sources for the early Toulmins are copies of the letters of Evelyn Toulman Flood, a genealogist who wrote abt 1936.

(4) Glade, Loa Don Hofhine Thomas Touleman (1608): Progenitor of the Tolman Family in America (Murray, UT: Family Heritage Publishers, 2005) pp. 17-25; hereafter Glade.³⁴

The first three sources describe the same ancestry and are generally in agreement except in a few circumstances that will be identified. Perusal of this material shows that there are two branches of the Toulmin family: a London branch and a Lancashire branch. The London branch is a prominent, educated and affluent English family Toulmin (many wills, many large dowers, many clergy, authors, barristers, and surgeons). The Lancashire branch is mostly farmers and tradesmen.

The five living match individuals of this essay that share at-DNA are descended from both the London branch and the Lancashire branch of the Toulmin family (3 and 2, respectively), proving for the first time that the two branches have a common ancestor.

at-DNA

A search for ‘toulmin’ of at-DNA matches for three known descendants of Thomas Tolman b. 1608 of Dorchester, Massachusetts [RLT: author, GLT: brother of author, ETS: paternal aunt] produced several matches to the Lancashire Tolman/Toulmin family, shown in Cluster 1 below.

(1) ‘J. S.’³⁵ is a 5th great-granddau of Lucinda Jane (Toulmin) Garrard, born 1790 of Kentucky. This line³⁶ has been traced back several additional generations to an Abraham Toulmin (born 1630, London) son of Thomas Toulmin (no source); he is proposed to have married Mary Hughes, also born 1630.³⁷ This pedigree is examined in more detail below (see Generation 5, London Branch). A working hypothesis is that the common ancestor with the author is the unknown father of William Toulmin of Lancashire, father of Issabel (b. 1588).

(2) ‘S. D.’,³⁸ Steve Donaldson of Toronto, a presumable 9th cousin of the author also with antecedents in Lancashire. He is a 2nd great-grandson of Frances Toulmin (1838-1925), dau of John Toulmin and Priscilla (Axon) Toulmin of Liverpool. Our common ancestor would likely also be William Toulmin, father of Issabel Toulmin (b. 1588). This pedigree is examined in more detail below (see Generation 8, Lancashire Branch). ‘S. D.’ has another 34 at-DNA matches to ‘toulmin’ ancestors besides this author! Amazing.

(3) ‘Anna Rudd’³⁹ is a 6th great-granddau of Elizabeth (Toulmin) Barker, dau of Abraham Toulmin of London, born 1704. A working hypothesis is that the common ancestor with the author is the unknown father of William Toulmin of Lancashire, father of Issabel (b. 1588). This pedigree is examined in more detail below (see Generation 5, London Branch).

(4) ‘Cheryl Taylor’⁴⁰ is a 4th great-granddau of Ann (Toulmin) Barclay of London, born 1740. A working hypothesis is that the common ancestor with the author is the unknown father of William Toulmin of Lancashire, father of Issabel (b. 1588). This pedigree is examined in more detail below (see Generation 5, London Branch).

(5) ‘STUART HIGGS’⁴¹ is a 6th great-grandson of Thomas Toulmin of Halton Parish, Lancashire, b. 1692. A working hypothesis is that the common ancestor with the author is the unknown father of William Toulmin of Lancashire, father of Issabel (b. 1588). This pedigree is examined in more detail below (see Generation 6, Lancaster Branch).

As a result of this at-DNA evidence that the Wm Towlming (b. abt 1562) line and the Abraham Toulmin (b. abt 1580) line are connected by a common ancestor, we are forced to posit (Occam’s razor)⁴² that at the latest these two are brothers born to a Towlming/Toulmin father (b. 1540).

Early Toulmins

Cussans⁴³ indicates a strong family tradition that the family is French and of Huguenot origin. The Toulmin family is suggested to have fled France to Holland at the time of the St. Bartholomew Massacre (23 Aug 1572). When Philip II of Spain began persecution of protestants in the Netherlands they fled to England settling in Preston, Lancashire.⁴⁴

Because we are dealing with the connections of a 1635 immigrant to the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Thomas Touleman) to English collaterals, the events we are concerned about are already in the 16th century. Records are not good enough that the key connections will likely ever be proven. Lancaster Parish Records began in the late 16th century, but that is an exception. Key records in Bolton-le-Sands parish didn’t begin until the mid-17th century (1655). Add to that the fact that Toulmins over the centuries were noted dissenters; therefore many consciously avoided Church of England baptisms. Death dates for these people are much more common but unfortunately do not indicate how old the individual was at death. Primary records in general are good after mid-1700’s but very spotty and poor before that time.

Figure 1. The Archdeaconry of Richmond (blue, Lancashire) from Great Britain, Atlas and Index of Parish Registers (FHL). Note Preston (at bottom) and Lancaster/Bolton-Le-Sands/Manor of Halton (green, above center).

Figure 2. A Toulmin Pedigree from Toulmin, Part 1, page 2.

The three branches of the Toulmin family shown in Figure 2 are really two branches: the far left is the London branch and the middle and right-hand branches are Lancashire families. Bolton-le-Sands is a village and parish 4 miles due north⁴⁵ of the town of Lancaster (see Figure 1) and Bolton Holmes⁴⁶ is manor just north of the village of Bolton-le-Sands. Presumably Richard Toulmin (b. 1607) and his family were tenants on this manor.

In the summary below the four known 16th century Toulmins are posed as brothers, but Robert or Richard could easily have been the ‘unknown’ father of William and Abraham. The ancestors of all four living ‘cousins’ (shared DNA) are shown in the Genealogical Summaries 2 & 3. It has been necessary to construct speculative lineages in the time period 1600-1655 (the start of the Bolton parish registers). There are already speculative lineages available from both Glade and Toulmin; where I have had to choose between them I have chosen Toulmin as his reconstructions seemed more consistent, viz. Richard Toulmin was clearly a tenant at the Manor of Bolton Holmes and children ‘of Bolton Holmes’ have therefore been associated with Richard (see Figure 2).

Genealogical Summary 2: The Lancashire Branch of the Toulmin Families

Note: The first three generations are highly speculative in many places as few records are available; they match the speculations found in Toulmin.

Generation 1

1. unknown Toulmin/Towlming was born abt 1540 of Preston, Lancashire, England. He may have been born in France.

Mr. and Mrs. Towlming/Toulmin had perhaps four children.

+ 2 i. WILLIAM TOWLMING born abt 1562 of Lancashire, England.

+ 3 ii. RICHARD TOULMIN born abt 1570 of Bolton Holmes, Lancashire, England. He died 1607 at Lancashire.

+ 4 iii. ROBERT TOULMIN born abt 1570 of Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire, England. He married Alice ____. Their son Richard died in 1623 at Bolton-le-Sands.

5 iv. ABRAHAM TOULMIN (I) born abt 1580 of Somerset, England.

(cf. Genealogical Summary 3. The London Branch of the Toulman Families)

Generation 2

2. William Towlming was born⁴⁷ abt 1562 of Lancashire, England and was buried 26 Dec 1620 at Lancaster, Lancashire, England.⁴⁸ He married abt 1586 at Lancashire Elizabeth ____. She was born abt 1568 and was buried 29 Aug 1638 at Lancaster, Lancashire, England.

William and Elizabeth Towlming had children.⁴⁹,⁵⁰

6 i. ISSABEL TOWLMING born abt 1588 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England.

(cf. Genealogical Summary 1. Massachusetts Tolman/Touleman Family)

7 ii. ELLINE TOWLMING born abt 1589 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried⁵¹ 2 Feb 1655 at Lancashire, England. She married⁵² 11 Feb 1609 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England William Holme.

8 iii. MARGRETA TOWLMING born abt 1591 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried⁵³ 7 Jan 1638 at Lancashire, England. She married⁵⁴ 3 Nov 1611 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England George Rigge.

+ 9 iv. EDMUND TOWLMINGE born abt 1593 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried 6 Jun 1664 at Bolton Parish, Lancashire, England.

+ 10 v. RICHARD TOWLMYN born abt 1596 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried 22 Mar 1639 at Harlocks, Boulton (Bolton) Parish, Lancashire, England.

11 vi. ALICE TOWLMINGE born abt 1599 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried⁵⁵ 22 Apr 1651 at Scottforth, Lancashire, England. She married⁵⁶ 31 Jan 1619 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England Nicholas Jenkenson.

+ 12 vii. JOHN TOLMIN born abt 1602 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried 3 Dec 1638 at Yealand Conyers, Lancashire, England.

3. Richard Towlming was born abt 1570 of Bolton Holmes, Lancashire, England. He died⁵⁷ 1607 at Lancashire.

Richard and Mrs. Towlming had children.

+ 13 i. THOMAS TOLMYN was born abt 1600 of Bolton Holmes, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and died 1639.

+ 14 ii. GEORGE TOULMIN was born abt 1600 of Sandside, Lancashire, England and died 14 Jan 1689 at Bolton Holmes.

4. Robert Toulmin was born abt 1570 of Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire, England and died 1650 at Bolton-le-Sands. He married Alice ____.⁵⁸

Robert and Alice Toulmin had children.

+ 15 i. RICHARD TOULMIN born abt 1590 and died 1623 at Bolton-le-Sands.

Generation 3

9. Edmund Toulmin born abt 1593 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried⁵⁹ 30 May 1664 at Bolton-le-Sands Parish, Lancashire, England. He married⁶⁰ 26 Oct 1616 at St. Mary’s Lancaster, Lancashire, England Elline Heighshame. She (Elling Toulming) may have died and was buried⁶¹ 4 Nov 1683 at Yealand Conyers Parish, Lancashire.

10. Richard Toulmin born abt 1596 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried⁶² 22 Mar 1639 at Harlocks, Boulton (Bolton) Parish, Lancashire, England. He may have married 13 Oct 1639 at Warton,⁶³ Lancashire Ann Danson.⁶⁴

Richard and Ann (Danson) Toulmin had at least three children.

15 i. ELIZABETH TOULMING christened⁶⁵ 28 Nov 1642 at St. Oswald, Warton, Lancashire, England.

16 ii. ANN TOULMIN christened⁶⁶ 30 Nov 1645 and buried⁶⁷ 28 Apr 1646 at St. Oswald, Warton, Lancashire.⁶⁸

+ 17 iii. ROBERT TOULMINE was born abt 1648 of Lancashire, England and died 27 Dec 1732 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire, England. He married 1684 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire Jane Talbott.

12. John Toulmin born abt 1602 at St. Mary’s, Lancaster, Lancashire, England and was buried⁶⁹ 3 Dec 1638 at Yealand Conyers, Lancashire, England.⁷⁰ He married unknown and had a dau Ellin.⁷¹

John and Mrs. Toulmin had at least three children.

18 i. ANNE TOLLMYNE was christened⁷² 14 Apr 1619 at St. Oswald, Warton, Lancashire.

19 ii. ELIZABETH TOLLMYNE was christened⁷³ 16 Jun 1622 at St. Oswald, Warton, Lancashire.⁷⁴

20 iii. ELLIN TOLMAN was christened⁷⁵ 6 Aug 1626 at St. Oswald, Warton, Lancashire.⁷⁶ She was buried⁷⁷ 28 Sep 1657 apparently unmarried.

13. Thomas Toulmin was born abt 1600 of Bolton Holmes, Lancashire, England and died 1639.⁷⁸

Thomas and Mrs. Toulmin had at least one child.

21 i. JOHN TOULMIN was christened 1630 of Bolton Holmes and was buried 14 Jul 1680 at Bolton-le-Sands.

+ 22 ii. EDMUND TOWLMIN (probable son of Thomas) was born abt 1630 of Bolton Holmes. He settled in Slyne, Lancashire (between Lancaster and Bolton-le-Sands).

14. George Toulmin was born abt 1600 of Sandside, Lancaster, Lancashire, England⁷⁹ and died⁸⁰ 14 Jan 1689 at Bolton Holmes. He was a dissenter.⁸¹ He married Elin ____; she died⁸² 28 Nov 1682 of Bolton-le-Sands.

Georg and Elin Tolmin had at least two children.

+ 23 i. JOSHUA TOLMIN was christened 13 Feb 1658 at Bolton-le-Sands.

24 ii. JOSEPH TOULMING was born abt 1659 and died⁸³ 27 Jun 1662 at Bolton Holmes.

15. Richard Toulmin born abt 1590 and died 1623 at Bolton-le-Sands.⁸⁴

Richard and Mrs. Toulmin had children.

+ 25 i. ROBERT TOULMING was born abt 1620 and died abt 1650.

Generation 4

17. Robert Towlmine was born abt 1648 of Lancashire, England and died⁸⁵ 27 Dec 1732 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire, England. He married⁸⁶ 1684 at Bolton-le-Sands,⁸⁷ Lancashire Jane Talbott.

Robert and Mrs. Toulmin had at least five children.

26 i. AGNES TOWLMIN was christened⁸⁸ 5 Apr 1685 at Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands. She married⁸⁹ 15 Feb 1712 at Bolton-le-Sands James Fell.

27 ii. MARY TOWLMIN was christened⁹⁰ 6 Mar 1687 at Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands. She married⁹¹ 1728 at St. Mary, Lancaster Thomas Hewetson.

28 iii. RICHARD TOLMEN was christened⁹² 28 Nov 1689 at Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands.

+ 29 iv. THOM TOLMIN was born 1692 and christened 23 Aug 1692 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire. He married 20 Aug 1721 at Halton,⁹³ Lancashire Jane Robinson.

30 v. JOAN TOLMINE was christened⁹⁴ 3 Nov 1697 and buried⁹⁵ 25 Sep 1699 at Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands.

21. John Toulmin was christened 1620 at Lancashire⁹⁶ and was buried⁹⁷ 14 Jul 1680 at Bolton-le-Sands. He married Alice ____; she was buried⁹⁸ 18 Mar 1671 at Bolton-le-Sands.

John Towlmin and Alice Huggard had a son (illegitimate).

31 i. THOMAS TOWLMIN was christened⁹⁹ 29 Jun 1679 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

22. Edmund Towlmin was born abt 1630 of Bolton Holmes. He settled in Slyne, Lancashire (halfway between Lancaster and Bolton-le-Sands).

Edmund and Mrs. Towlmin had children.

+ 32 i. THOMAS TOWLMIN was christened 8 Jul 1677 at Bolton-le-Sands; the family lived in Slyne.

23. Joshua Tolmin was christened¹⁰⁰ 13 Feb 1658 at Bolton-le-Sands and died¹⁰¹ (poor) 21 Apr 1725 at Bolton Holmes. He married¹⁰² 27 Sep 1686 at Bolton-le-Sands Elizabeth Bruce. He was a dissenter (a child was born 20 Dec 1702).¹⁰³

Joshua and Elizabeth (Bruce) Toulmin had at least three children.

+ 33 i. GEORGE TOLMIN was christened 7 Aug 1687 at Bolton-le-Sands.

34 ii. EDMUND TOLMIN was christened¹⁰⁴ 19 May 1689 at Bolton-le-Sands.

35 iii. JOHN TOLMIN was buried¹⁰⁵ 23 Jan 1721 at Bolton-le-Sands.

36 iv. JOSEPHUS TOLMIN was buried¹⁰⁶ 25 Apr 1713 at Bolton-le-Sands.

37 v. JOSHUA TOLMINE was christened¹⁰⁷ 10 Feb 1705 at Bolton-le-Sands.

25. Robert Toulmin was born abt 1620 and died abt 1650.

Robert and Mrs. Toulmin had at least one child.

+ 38 i. RICHARD TOULMIN died 1681.

Generation 5

29. Thomas Tolmin was born 1692 and christened¹⁰⁸ 23 Aug 1692 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire. He married¹⁰⁹ 20 Aug 1721 at Halton, Lancashire Jane Robinson. She died¹¹⁰ 23 Feb 1765 at Halton, Lancashire.

Thomas and Jane (Robinson) Tolmin had nine children.

+ 39 i. ROBERT TOLMIN christened 1 Sep 1722 and died 17 Jun 1807 at Halton, Lancashire. He married 19 Jan 1755 at Halton, Lancashire Elinor Baynes.

40 ii. RICHARD TOLMIN christened¹¹¹ 13 Sep 1724 and died¹¹² 4 Mar 1725 at Halton, Lancashire.

41 iii. ANN TOLMIN born 1726 and died¹¹³ 19 Feb 1726 at Halton, Lancashire.

42 iv. RICHARD TOLMIN christened¹¹⁴ 18 Jan 1729 at Halton, Lancashire.

43 v. THOMAS TOLMIN christened¹¹⁵ 14 May 1732 at Halton, Lancashire.

44 vi. DANIEL TOLMIN christened¹¹⁶ 24 Nov 1734 at Halton, Lancashire.

45 vii. JAMES TOLMIN christened¹¹⁷ 30 Apr 1738 at Halton, Lancashire.

46 viii. JOHN TOLMIN christened¹¹⁸ 27 Dec 1740 at Halton, Lancashire.

47 ix. JOSEPH TOLMIN christened¹¹⁹ 19 Jun 1743 at Halton, Lancashire.

32. Thomas Toulmin of Slyne was christened¹²⁰ 7 Aug 1687 at Bolton-le-Sands and died/buried¹²¹ 29 Jan 1770 at Bolton-le-Sands. He married abt 1706 Martha ____ .

Thomas and Martha Tolmin had eight children.

48 i. JOHANES TOLMIN christened¹²² 4 Mar 1707 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

49 ii. CATHERINA TOLMIN christened¹²³ 24 Apr 1709 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

50 iii. MARTHA TOLMIN was born¹²⁴ 24 Feb 1710 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

51 iv. EDMUNDUS TOLMIN was born¹²⁵ 25 May 1712 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

2 v. SUSANNA TOLMIN was born¹²⁶20 Oct 1717 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

53 vi. GEORGE TOLMIN was born¹²⁷ 5 May 1725 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

54 vii. MARTHA TOLMIN was born¹²⁸ 8 Dec 1726 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

55 viii. DEBORAH TOLMIN was born¹²⁹ 1 Feb 1728/9 and died/buried¹³⁰ 23 May 1731 at Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire.

33. George Toulmin was christened¹³¹ 7 Aug 1687 at Bolton-le-Sands.

George and Mrs. Tolmin had at least three children.

56 i. THOMAS TOLMIN was born¹³² 2 Oct 1726 at Bolton-le-Sands and died¹³³ 22 Oct 1726 of Bolton Holmes.

57 ii. ELLEANOR/ELLIN TOLMIN was born¹³⁴ 20 Oct 1727 at Bolton-le-Sands and died in 1742.

58 iii. THOMAS TOLMIN was born¹³⁵ 27 Jun 1730 at Bolton-le-Sands and died/buried¹³⁶ 24 Jul 1753 at Bolton-le-Sands.

38. Richard Toulmin died 1681.

Richard and Mrs. Toulmin had at least four children.

59 i. ROBERT TOLMIN was christened¹³⁷ 8 Dec 1665 and was buried¹³⁸ 13 Jul 1699 at Bolton-le-Sands.

60 ii. ABRAHAM TOWLMINE (twin) was christened¹³⁹ 8 Oct 1675 at Bolton-le-Sands and probably died young.

61 iii. SARAH TOWLMINE (twin) was christened 8 Oct 1675 and died/buried¹⁴⁰ 1698 at Bolton-le-Sands.

62 iv. ABRAHAM TOLMIN was born 1681.

Generation 6

39. Robert Tolmin was christened¹⁴¹ 1 Sep 1722 and died and was buried¹⁴² 17 Jun 1807 at Halton, Lancashire. He was a house carpenter. He married¹⁴³ (1) 19 Jan 1755 at Halton, Lancashire Elinor Baynes; she was buried¹⁴⁴ 4 Jun 1758 at Halton, Lancashire.

He married¹⁴⁵ (2) 2 Dec 1764 at Halton Lonsdale, Lancashire Mary Wilson. She was buried¹⁴⁶ 8 Jan 1804 at St. Wilfrid, Halton, Lancashire. Halton, Lancashire is adjacent (northeast) to Lancaster. Robert and his second wife Mary moved from Halton to Gressingham abt 1771 (abt 5 mi to the NE).

‘STUART HIGGS’ (at-DNA match #5) is a descendant of this couple.

Robert and Elinor (Baynes) Tolman had two children.

63 i. JANE TOLMIN christened¹⁴⁷ 7 Jan 1756 at Halton, Lancashire and may have been buried¹⁴⁸ in 1761.

64 ii. THOMAS TOLMIN christened¹⁴⁹ 1 May 1757 at Halton, Lancashire.

Robert and Mary (Wilson) Tolman had eleven children.

65 i. JOHN TOULMINE christened¹⁵⁰ 26 Aug 1765 at Halton, Lancashire.

66 ii. JANE TOLMINE christened¹⁵¹ 24 Sep 1766 at Halton, Lancashire.

67 iii. ROBERT TOULMINE was christened¹⁵² 3 Jun 1767 at Halton, Lancashire.

68 iv. RICHARD TOLMINE was christened¹⁵³ 1 Jul 1770 at Halton, Lancashire.

69 v. BETTY TOLMAN was christened¹⁵⁴ 20 Sep 1772 at Gressingham, Lancashire. She married¹⁵⁵ 18 Nov 1811 at St. Johns, Preston, Lancashire George Foster.

70 vi. ROBERT TOLMAN was christened¹⁵⁶ 30 Oct 1774 at Gressingham, Lancashire.

+ 71 vii. WILLIAM TOLMAN was christened 12 Jan 1777 at Gressingham, Lancashire.

72 viii. MOLLY TOLMAN was born 23 May 1779 and christened¹⁵⁷ 20 Jun 1779 at Gressingham, Lancashire.

73 ix. ANN TOULMINE was christened¹⁵⁸ 10 Nov 1782 at Halton, Lancashire. She married¹⁵⁹ 19 Nov 1797 at Whittington, Lancashire Jonathan Wallas.

74 x. MARGRET TOULMINE was christened¹⁶⁰ 5 Feb 1786 at Halton, Lancashire. She married¹⁶¹ 30 Nov 1807 at St. Peters, Bolton-le-Moors, Lancashire William Lomax.

75 xi. JAMES TOULMAN was christened¹⁶² 4 Oct 1789 at Halton, Lancashire.

Generation 7

71. William Toulman/Talmon¹⁶³ was christened¹⁶⁴ 12 Jan 1777 at St. John the Evangelist, Gressingham, Lancashire, England and was buried¹⁶⁵ 10 May 1844 at St. Mary, Lancaster, Lancashire. He married¹⁶⁶ 19 May 1805 at St. Thomas, Liverpool Jane Swift of Liverpool dau of Richard and Betty Swift. He was a hatter and lived in 1841¹⁶⁷ in Stockport, Cheshire. Jane was christened¹⁶⁸ 11 Oct 1778 at Kirkby by Melling, Lancashire and was buried¹⁶⁹ 30 Mar 1838 at Heaton Norris St. Thomas, Stockport, Cheshire, England.

William and Jane (Swift) Toulman/Talmon had at least three children.

+ 76 i. JOHN TOULMIN was born 31 Mar 1806 and christened 24 Aug 1806 at Saint Peter, Liverpool, Lancashire, England.

77 ii. MARY TOULMIN was born 5 Apr 1808 and christened¹⁷⁰ 19 Aug 1808 at Saint Nicholas, Liverpool, Lancashire, England.

78 iii. ELIZA TALMON was born abt 1810 at Saint Peter, Liverpool, Lancashire. She married 19 Jun 1854 at Liverpool, Lancashire Charles Wilson.¹⁷¹

Generation 8

76. John Toulman was born 31 Mar 1806 and christened¹⁷² 24 Aug 1806 at Saint Peter, Liverpool, Lancashire, England the son of William and Jane (Swift) Toulman. He married¹⁷³ 11 Nov 1832 at Cheadle, Cheshire Priscilla Axon. He was a hatter. In 1841¹⁷⁴ they had two children Frances and Mary and were living in Tynemouth, Northumberland.¹⁷⁵

‘S. D.’ (at-DNA match #2) is a descendant of this couple.

Genealogical Summary 3: The London Branch of the Toulmin Families

Generation 2

(from Genealogical Summary 2)

5. Abraham Toulmin(I) was born¹⁷⁶ abt 1580 of Chard, Somerset¹⁷⁷ (born in Lancashire or France?). He married Mary Wilton dau of William and Esther Wilton of Bishop’s Lavington, Wiltshire, England.¹⁷⁸,¹⁷⁹ William was minstrel to Richard II. Note that there was a John Talman of Bishop’s Lavington; will 1653: witnessed by Richard Talman and James Towman—brothers/nephews of Abraham?¹⁸⁰

+ 6 i. ABRAHAM TOULMIN(II) born abt 1630 of Stepney, Middlesex. He married Mary ____.

Generation 3

6. Abraham Toulmin (II) a schoolmaster, was born abt 1630 of Stepney, Middlesex. He married Mary ____.¹⁸¹ Stepney is downtown London.

Abraham and Mary Toulmin had at least three children.¹⁸²

7 i. SARAH TOULMIN born abt 1690. She married Sergeant Basker.¹⁸³

+ 8 ii. ABRAHAM TOULMIN(III) born abt 1660 and died 1716. He married Mary Hughes of Oxfordshire.

9 iii. WILLIAM TOULMIN born abt 1660 of Wapping, Middlesex, England.

Generation 4

8. Abraham Toulmin(III) was born abt 1660 of Wapping, Middlesex and died Oct 1716.¹⁸⁴,¹⁸⁵ He married Mary¹⁸⁶ Hughes of Oxfordshire. Wapping is downtown London, on the Thames adjacent to the Tower of London.

Abraham and Mary (Hughes) Toulmin had five children.¹⁸⁷

10 i. MARY¹⁸⁸ TOULMIN born abt 1690. She married John Savage son of Rev. John Savage and his wife ____ Morton. They had a son Samuel Morton Savage (born 19 Jul 1721, died 21 Feb 1791), a celebrated nonconformist divine.¹⁸⁹

11 ii. EBENEZER TOLEMAN born abt 1695 of Stepney, London. He married Ann ____. They had three daus: Mary Toleman b. 1723, Mary Toleman b. 1725; and Anne Toleman b. 1727.¹⁹⁰

+ 12 iii. ABRAHAM TOULMIN (IV) born abt 1700 of King Edward Street, Wapping, Middlesex and died before 1 May 1776.

+ 13 iv. ALEXANDER TOULMIN born abt 1700 of Wapping, Middlesex (London).

+ 14 v. CALEB TOULMIN¹⁹¹ born 1715 at London, London, England.

Generation 5

12. Abraham Toulmin(IV) of King Edward Street, Wapping, Middlesex. He was born 1704 at Rickmansworth, Herfordshire and was christened (as an adult) 8 Apr 1729 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping (London). He died 14 Jul 1776 at Hertfordshire. He was a surgeon. He married¹⁹² 1 Apr 1728 at London Mary Wilton,¹⁹³ sister of Samuel Wilton of Newgate Street; she died 15 Oct 1782.¹⁹⁴ She was born 1710.¹⁹⁵

Figure 3. Ancient London. Wapping is on the Thames at the far right, east of the Tower of London; St. Lukes, Islington is north of Newgate (center) and east of Clerkenwell; St. George of the East is north of Wapping and NE of Bishopsgate; St. Martin in the Fields parish is in Westminster, far left corner (map from Wikipedia).

Abraham and Mary (Wilton) Toulmin had fourteen children.¹⁹⁶

15 i. SAMUEL TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

16 ii. MARY TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

17 iii. ABRAHAM TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

18 iv. ELIZABETH TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

19 v. WILLIAM TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

20 vi. ELIZABETH TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

21 vii. ABRAHAM TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

22 viii. SAMUEL TOULMIN christened 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died young.

+ 23 ix. ANN TOULMIN was probably born 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping.

24 x. WILLIAM TOULMIN, M.D. surgeon, historian; christened¹⁹⁷ 30 Dec 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping¹⁹⁸ and died 25 Dec 1800 at Chard, Somerset and is buried there. He married¹⁹⁹ 11 Aug 1761 Sarah Clarke of St. George’s of the East²⁰⁰ at St. John, Hackney, Hackney, England. She was born 1741 and died 2 Dec 1815 (age 74); buried Old Gravel Lane, Wapping.

25 xi. SAMUEL TOULMIN attorney; christened²⁰¹ 17 Sep 1738 at Stepney, London and died 15 Aug 1809 (age 69, ‘a brilliant example of virtue and piety’²⁰²) at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping.²⁰³ He married²⁰⁴ 7 Oct 1756 at Saint Martin in the Fields, London Ann Petty. Four children.²⁰⁵

26 xii. SARAH TOULMIN was christened (independent)²⁰⁶ 26 Apr 1742 at Gravel Lane, London. She married²⁰⁷ 22 Jul 1760 at St. George in the East, Tower Hamlets, England Nathaniel Sergeant.

27 xiii. ELIZABETH TOULMIN christened 4 Sep 1747²⁰⁸ at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping. She married²⁰⁹ 18 Aug 1767 at St. George of the East, Tower Hamlets, England Samuel Barker. He was born 1741 and died 1825.²¹⁰

‘Anna Rudd’ (at-DNA match #3) is a descendant of this couple.

28 xiv. ABRAM TOULMIN of St. George’s of the East, surgeon, christened 9 Jan1749/50 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping and died 1 Nov 1821 (age 71); buried at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping. He married Ann Fowden. Five children.²¹¹

13. Alexander Toulmin was born abt 1700 of Wapping, Middlesex.

Alexander and Mrs. Toulmin had at least two children.

29 i. WILLIAM TOULMIN born 1734 of Prescott Street, Goodman’s Fields, Middlesex (London); will dated 1804, proved 1806. He married (1) unknown, one son Thomas, will dated 12 Dec 1795 and (2) 19 Aug 1758²¹² at St. Dunstan, Stepney, Middlesex Mary Howson of Whitechapel, four children.

30 ii. JOHN TOULMIN, Lieutenant in R. N. He married (1) Anne Toulmin, dau of Caleb Toulmin. He married (2) R. Mary Field.

14. Caleb Toulmin was born 1707 at London, London, England. He married²¹³ 12 Feb 1734 at St. Paul’s Catholic Church, London Mary Skinner. She was born 1713.

Caleb and Mary (Skinner) Toulmin had at least two children.²¹⁴

31 i. ANNE TOULMIN, of London, England. She married her cousin John Toulmin, son of Alexander Toulmin.

32 ii. JOSHUA TOULMIN, D. D. born 11 May 1740 at London, London, England and died/buried²¹⁵ 23 Jul 1815 at Birmingham, West Midlands, England. He married 6 Apr 1764 Jane Smith dau of Samuel Smith of Taunton. He obtained a Doctor of Divinity degree in 1794 from Harvard. He was a noted ‘dissenting historian and biographer…to the grief of his parents his views became inconsistent with the strict Calvinism of the academy’.²¹⁶ Joshua and Jane (Smith) Toulmin had six children that included Harry T. Toulmin²¹⁷ who immigrated to Kentucky and became Secretary of State under Governor James Garrard. His dau Lucinda Jane Toulmin married Garrard’s son Daniel.²¹⁸,²¹⁹,²²⁰

‘J. S.’ (at-DNA match #1) is a descendant of this couple.

Figure 4. Hon. Harry T. Toulmin (left) and Joshua Toulmin, D. D. (right).²²¹

23. Ann Toulmin was probably born 1728/9 to 1738 at Old Gravel Lane, Wapping. She married²²² 27 Jul 1761 at St. Luke’s Finsbury,²²³ Islington, London Richard Barclay. She died 1768 at St. Mary Whitechapel.²²⁴

‘Cheryl Taylor’ (at-DNA match #4) is a descendant of this couple.

Richard and Ann (Toulmin) Barclay had three sons.

33 i. JAMES BARCLAY was born²²⁵ 1 Feb 1763 and christened 27 Feb 1763 at St. Clement Eastcheap, London.

34 ii. JOHN BARCLAY was born²²⁶ 30 Jul 1764 and christened 19 Aug 1764 at St. Clement Eastcheap, London. John died²²⁷ 13 Aug 1837 at Shoreditch, Middlesex, England.

35 iii. WILLIAM BARCLAY was christened²²⁸ 19 Oct 1766 at Southwark, Surrey, England.

NOTES

1. FamilySearcht database, Parish Registers for St. Mary’s Church, Lancaster, Baptisms 1599-1837; FHL British Film 1526146, item 9; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J7NZ-JMP.

2. For more detail/sources see the essay ‘Thomas Tolman (1608-1690) of Dorchester, Massachusetts’ on the www.29deadpeople.com website.

3. The Lancashire line was first discovered and published by genealogist Loa Don Glade in the ‘Thomas Tolman Family Newsletter’ September 1992, pp. 5-9. See also Glade, Loa Don Hofhine Thomas Touleman (1608): Progenitor of the Tolman family in American, came in 1635, and direct-line descendants (Murray, Utah: Family Heritage Publishers, 2005) hereafter Glade; online at FamilySearch. She claims the baptismal day of ‘9th day of the 12th month 1608’ comes from the reconstructed records of Dorchester. This author has not been able to confirm this.

4. Glade, p. 18; this author was unable to find a primary source.

5. FamilySearch, England Births and Christenings 1538-1975 database, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JMV1-T4H; FamilySearch has the year ‘1609’ although the original doc has it clearly ‘1608’ (accessed 27 Jun 2019); for more detail and reference to the film, see the essay ‘Thomas Tolman (1608-1690) of Dorchester, Massachusetts’ at www.29deadpeople.com.

6. See the essay ‘Thomas Tolman (1608-1690) of Dorchester, Massachusetts’ at www.29deadpeople.com.

7. Toulman, Appendix B, p. 65.

8. Brierley, Henry et al. (transcription) The Registers of the parish church of Lancaster (St. Mary), Vols 32, 57, 88 (Cambridge, England: The Lancashire Parish Register Society, 1992) p. 20, Image 93/698 FHL Film 844,800; hereafter Lancaster PR.

9. Wilkinsonn/Towlming marriage: FamilySearch, England Marriages 1538-1973 database, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NL48-Y2F.

10. Glade; she lists 12 children for Wm and Issabel, but some of them belong to other Wilkinson families (John of Chipping, Lancashire; George of Ormskirk, Lancashire; and Thomas of Blackburn, Lancashire).

11. England Births and Christenings 1538-1975, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXJQ-XXX.

12. England Births and Christenings 1538-1975, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N1M3-6YY.

13. England Deaths and Burials 1538-1991, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSC-MXD.

14. England Births and Christenings 1538-1975, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3ZD-SQ1.

15. England Marriages 1538-1975, FamilySearch database (Film 1526,146) https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-DZG.

16. England Deaths and Burials 1538-1991, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSC-XMT.

17. England Births and Christenings 1538-1975, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JW8Y-KWG.

18. England Deaths and Burials 1538-1991, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSC-XYD.

19. England Deaths and Burials 1538-1991, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSH-5TL.

20. Parkenson/Dawson marriage: online at FamilySearch, England Marriages 1538-1973 database, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-S5Q.

21. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JWSX-7QB and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

22. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXJ7-BLC and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

23. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JW8B-MQN and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

24. Houndman/Parkenson marriage: online at FamilySearch database, England Marriages 1538-1973, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-HZK.

25. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NYYD-VLK and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

26. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JQBX-M9K and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

27. Edmonson/Parkenson marriage: online at FamilySearch database, England Marriages 1538-1973, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-Q56.

28. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JW8Y-J25 and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

29. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NYY8-B54 and Ancestry, FHL Film 0844800 i3.

30. Parkinson/Fife marriage: online at FamilySearch database, England Marriages 1538-1973, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NL4K-6PD.

31. ‘Toulmin pedigree: southern branches A and B’, FHL British film 994003 item 3 1584(accessed 26 Jun 2019) hereafter Sherwood.

32. Burke, John Bernard, Sir 17th ed. Burke’s genealogical and heraldic history of the landed gentry: including American families with British ancestry (London, England: Burke’s peerage, 1939) p. 2530-2531; hereafter Burke.

33. Toulmin, George Humphrey, ‘A Catalogue of Toulmins’ Part 1 (London family) and Part 2 (Preston and the North families), 1990 ms; hereafter Toulmin.

34. Glade.

35. ‘Schlittler Family Tree’, owner kephrm, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/112764835; the tree only goes back to Lucinda Jane Toulmin (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

36. ‘Wood Family Tree’, owner cedarlake648, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/26394935; lots of sources (accessed 26 Jun 2019) hereafter Wood Family Tree.

37. Wood Family Tree is the only one of any of the surveyed Toulmin sources to claim the father of Abraham Toulmin I (b. 1630) was Thomas Toulmin. It is also the only source to claim Abraham II’s (b. 1630) wife was Mary Hughes (all w/o historical sources). Sherwood has Mary Hughes married to William Toulmin, brother of Abraham III (also no source cited).

38. ‘Donaldson Family Tree’, owner Donaldson92, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/33718009, some sources (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

39. ‘Rudd Family Tree’, owner Anna Rudd, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/161736794, no sources (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

40. ‘Cheryl Taylor Family Tree’, owner Cheryl Taylor, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/1191516473 (accessed 26 Jun 2019) hereafter CherylTaylor Tree.

41. ‘Higgs Family Tree’, owner STUART HIGGS, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/119176513, good sources (accessed 24 Apr 2020).

42. Occam’s Razor: the simplest solution (involving the fewest assumptions) is the best.

43. Cussans, John Edward History of Hertfordshire, Vol. 3, Part 16: Hundred of Cashio (London: Chatto and Windus, 1881) pp.256-258; cited circuitously in Toulmin.

44. Toulmin, Part 1, page 13 and Part 2, page 9 (expanded sources are recounted).

45. Brierley, Henry (transcription) The Registers of the parish church of Bolton-le-Sands in the county of Lancaster 1655-1736 (Wigan, England: The Lancashire Parish Register Society: Strowger & Son, 1911) FHL Film 844,803 i1,2; hereafter Bolton PR (includes other parishes, i. e. Halton).

46. British History Online, ‘Townships: Bolton-le-Sands’; online at www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol8/pp132-136.

47. Glade.

48. Toulmin, Part 1, p. 7 and p. 13.

49. Glade, p. 18; eight children.

50. Glade, p. 10, cites the will of John Tollmyne of Yealand Conyers (chapelry in Warton) where he mentioned his brother Thomas and his bro-in-law George Rigge. Therefore Glade has placed ‘Thomas of Bolton Holmes’ in this family group when it is more likely that he is referring to his nephew Thomas of Massachusetts. ‘Thomas of Bolton Holmes’ is more likely to be a son of Richard Toulmin of Bolton Holmes. This is also consistent with Toulmin, part 1, p. 2.

51. England Deaths and Burials (FamilySearch Film 1526,146; wife Ellin, spouse Willia. Holme) https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSC-WQN (accessed 30 Jun 2019).

52. Holme/Towlming marriage: FamilySearch, England Marriages 1538-1973 database, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-943 (accessed 27 Jun 2019).

53. England Deaths and Burials (FamilySearch Film 1526,146; wife Margareta, spouse Georgii Rigge) https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSH-Y97 (accessed 30 Jun 2019).

54. Rigge/Towlming marriage: FamilySearch, England Marriages 1538-1973 database, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-S9K (accessed 27 Jun 2019).

55. England Deaths and Burials (FamilySearch Film 1526,146; wife Margareta, spouse Georgii Rigge) https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSH-Y97 (accessed 30 Jun 2019).

56. Jenkenson/Towlminge marriage: FamilySearch, England Marriages 1538-1973 database (Film 0844800 i1), https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NL46-LP1 (accessed 27 Jun 2019)

57. Toulmin, Appendix B, p. 65 and sources cited therein.

58. Toulmin, Part 1, p. 3 and sources cited therein.

59. Bolton PR, p. 48 (Image 46/587); Edmond Toulming of Ackets.

60. Tolminge/Heighshame marriage: online at FamilySearch, England Marriages 1538-1973 database, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXY7-9M5.

61. England and Wales, Quaker Birth, Marriage, and Death Registers 1578-1837, Lancaster, Lancashire (Yealand), Image 127/143; online at Ancestry (improperly indexed by Ancestry, accessed 25 Apr 2020).

62. England Deaths and Burials online at FamilySearch database Film 1526,146 https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSH-RQ7 (accessed 30 Jun 2019).

63. Most of the Warton vitals can also be found on the Parish of Warton website (http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/Warton-near-Lancaster/stoswald/index.html).

64. Toulmin, Part 2, p. 66 and sources cited therein (will).

65. England, Lancashire Parish Registers 1539-1910, online at FamilySearch database Film 1849,662, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-KM6G.

66. England, Lancashire Parish Registers1539-1910, online at FamilySearch database Film 1849,662, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-K496.

67. England Lancashire Parish Registers 1539-1910, online at FamilySearch database Film 1849,662 https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJ DD-KDH7.

68. Toulmin, Part 2, Appendix B, p. 66 and sources cited therein.

69. England Deaths and Burials, FamilySearch database Film 1526,146, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCSH-RQ7.

70. Lancashire Wills & Probate 1457-1858, 1638 Yealand Conyers, online at FindMyPast (accessed 27 Apr 2020) and Glade, mentions bro-in-law George Rigge and brother Thomas.

71. Dau Ellin baptized 6 Aug 1626 at St. Oswald, Warton, Lancashire, England, father John named, England, Lancashire, Parish Registers 1538-1910, online at FamilySearch database Film 844815. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-VPDQ.

72. England Births and Christenings, 1538 -1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1849,662 https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-VP12.

73. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, Ancestry database FHL Film 0844814 i3 (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

74. Toulmin, Part 2, Appendix B, p. 66 and sources cited therein.

75. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database Film 1849,662 https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-VPD3.

76. Toulmin, Part 2, Appendix B, p. 66 and sources cited therein.

77. Bolton PR, p. 46 (Image 45/587); Ellen d. of John Towlming of Sline.

78. Glade, p. 31.

79. Bolton PR, p. 3,4 (Image 23/587).

80. George Tolmen death: Bolton PR, p. 62 (Image 53/587).

81. Bolton PR, p. 38 (Image 41/587).

82. Elin Towlmin death: Bolton PR, p. 59 (Image 51/587).

83. Bolton PR, p. 47 (Image 45/587).

84. Toulmin, Appendix B, p. 65 ; cites Lancashire wills no details.

85. England, Select Deaths and Burials 1538-1991, FHL Film 1656767, Robert Toulmine—father Richard; online at Ancestry (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

86. Towlmin/Talbott marriage: Bolton-le-Sands Bishop’s Transcripts Pr 3315/1/27, online at Ancestry (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

87. Most of the Bolton-le-Sands vitals can also be found on the Parish of Bolton-le-Sands website (http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/Bolton-le-Sands/holytrinity/index.html); hereafter Bolton/HolyTrinity.

88. England Births and Baptisms, 1538 -1975, Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands, father Robert Towlmin; online at FindMyPast (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

89. Fell/Tolmin marriage: England Marriage 1538-1973 and Boyd’s Marriage Indexes, online at FindMyPast (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

90. England Births and Baptisms, 1538 -1975, Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands, father Robert Towlmin; online at FindMyPast (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

91. Hewetson/Tolmin marriage: England Marriage 1538-1973 and Boyd’s Marriage Indexes, online at FindMyPast (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

92. England Births and Baptisms, 1538 -1975, Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands, father Robert Tolmen; online at FindMyPast (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

93. Most of the Halton vitals can also be found on the Parish of Halton website (http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/Halton/index.html).

94. England Births and Baptisms, 1538 -1975, Holy Trinity, Bolton-le-Sands, father Roberti Tolmind; online at FindMyPast (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

95. Joan Tolmine death: England, Lancashire Parish Registers, online at FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-C562.

96. Toulmin, Part 2, Appendix B, p. 66 and sources cited therein.

97. Bolton PR, p. 57 (Image 50/587); ‘John Towlmin of Bolton’.

98. Bolton PR, p. 52 (Image 48/587); ‘Alice w. of John Towlinge of Boulton’.

99. Bolton PR, p. 14 (Image 29/587); ‘Thomas a bastard of John Towlmin of Slyne and Alice Huggard’.

100. Bolton PR, p. 4 (Image 24/587); ‘Joshua s. of George Toulmin de Sandside’.

101. Joshua Tolmin death: Bolton PR, p. 77 (Image 60/587).

102. Towlmin/Bruce marriage: England, Lancashire Parish Registers, online at FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QJDD-CJ7X and Bolton PR, p. 96 (Image 72/587).

103. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 27 (Image 35/587); ‘A childe of Joshua Tolmins de Bolton a Dissenter [E. T. Noncon]’.

104. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 20 (Image 32/587); ‘Edmund s. of Joshua Tolmen of Bolton Holmes’.

105. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 75 (Image 59/587); ‘John s. of Joshua Tolmin of Bolton’.

106. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 72 (Image 58/587); ‘Josephus s. of Joshuae Tolmin de Bolton Holms’.

107. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 29 (Image 36/587); ‘Joshua f. Joshuae Tolmin et Eliz: ux ejus de Holmes’.

108. Lancashire, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages, Burials 1538-1812, Bolton-le-Sands, father Roberti Tolmind also Bishop’s Transcript; online at Ancestry (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

109. Tolmin/Robinson marriage: Halton Bishop’s Transcripts Drb 2/93, FHL Film 844803 i2, 93743, online at Ancestry (accessed 25 Apr 2020) also Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 84 (Image 288/587), ‘…Tolmin of Bolton-le-Sands’ and ‘…Robinson of Aughton’ (Halton).

110. England Select Deaths and Burials 1538-1991, Bishops Transcripts Drb 2/93a, FHL Film 1526205; online at Ancestry (accessed 25 Apr 2020).

111. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 39 (Image 264/587).

112. Richard Tolmin death: Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 73 (Image 282/587).

113. Ann Tolmin death: Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 40 (Image 265/587).

114. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 849/2278).

115. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 849/2278).

116. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 850/2278).

117. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 851/2278).

118. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 852/2278).

119. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 854/2278).

120. Bolton PR, p. 3 (Image 31/587).

121. Thomas Towlminge death: Bolton PR, p. 51 (Image 47/587); ‘Thomas Towlminge of Slyne’.

122. Bolton PR, p. 30 (Image 37/587); ‘Johanes f. Thomae & Marthae Tolmin natus’.

123. Bolton PR, p. 31 (Image 37/587); ‘Catherina fa. Thomae Tolmin de Sline’.

124. Bolton PR, p. 31 (Image 37/587); ‘A daughter of Tho: Tolmins born called Martha’.

125. Bolton PR, p. 32 (Image 38/587); ‘Edmundus f. Tho: Tolmin de Sline’.

126. Bolton PR, p. 34 (Image 39/587); ‘Susanna f. Tho: Tolmin de Sline’.

127. Bolton PR, p. 38 (Image 41/587); ‘George s. of Tho: Tolmin of Bolton’.

128. Bolton PR, p. 39 (Image 41/587); Dissenters. ‘Martha d. of Tho: Tolmin of Bolton’.

129. Bolton PR, p. 39 (Image 41/587); ‘Deborah d. of Tho: Tolmin of Bolton’.

130. Bolton PR, p. 81 (Image 62/587); ‘Deborah d. of Thomas Tolmin’.

131. Bolton PR, p. 19 (Image 31/587).

132. Bolton PR, p. 38 (Image 41/587); Dissenters. ‘Thomas s. of George Tolmin’.

133. Thomas Tolmin death: Bolton PR, p. 78 (Image 61/587).

134. Bolton PR, p. 39 (Image 41/587); ‘Elleanor d. of George Tolmin of ye Mill born’.

135. Bolton PR, p. 40 (Image 42/587); Dissenters. ‘Tho: s. of George Tolmin’.

136. Bolton/HolyTrinity, burials; Thomas Toulming – son of George Toulming.

137. Bolton PR, p. 7 (Image 25/587).

138. Bolton PR, p. 66 (Image 55/587); ‘Robertus Tolmine de Bolton’.

139. Bolton PR, p. 12 (Image 28/587); ‘Abraham and Sarah children twinnes of Richard Towlmine’.

140. Bolton PR, p. 66 (Image 55/587); ‘Sara Tolmine’ written in margin of Burials.

141. Bolton (Halton) PR, p. 38 (Image 264/587).

142. Robert Tolmin death: Lancashire, Church of England Baptisms, Marriage, Burials 1538-1812, Bishops Transcripts Drb 2/93a, online at Ancestry (accessed 27 Apr 2020).

143. Tolmin/Baynes marriage: England, Select Marriages 1538-1973, FHL Film 1526205; online at Ancestry (accessed 29 Apr 2020).

144. Ellen (Elinor) Tolmine burial: Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 903/2278); ‘wife of Robt Tolmine of Aughton’.

145. Tolmin/Wilson marriage: England Marriages, 1538–1973, FamilySearch database FHL film 1,526,205, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXB9-GRC.

146. England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, FamilySearch database FHL film 1,526,205, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JC9K-3YS and Baptisms and Burials, Lancashire Record Office PR 2781; online at FindMyPast (accessed 9 Aug 2019).

147. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 857/2278).

148. Jane Tolmine burial: Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 903/2278); faded, very hard to read.

149. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 859/2278).

150. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 862/2278).

151. Parish Registers for Halton, Lancashire 1727-1791, online at FamilySearch: FHL Film 1526205 i7 (Image 864/2278).

152. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,743, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JWJL-XB3.(Image 864/2278).

153. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,743, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JWJL-FJ5.

154. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 0844812 i1, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NPXL-LZR.

155. Foster/Toulman marriage: Church of England Marriages and Banns 1755-1936, online at Ancestry (accessed 10 Aug 2019).

156. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 0844812 i1, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NPXL-G51.

157. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 0844812 i1, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NPXL-G28.

158. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,743, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3N5-14J.

159. Wallas/Toulman marriage: Church of England Marriages and Banns 1755-1936, online at Ancestry (accessed 10 Aug 2019).

160. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,743, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N5GW-6F7.

161. Lomax/Toulman marriage: Church of England Marriages and Banns 1755-1936, online at Ancestry (accessed 10 Aug 2019).

162. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,743, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J7QP-J9S.

163. A search of the available records for the birth of William Toulman of Liverpool revealed two contenders both born about 1780, but one was easily eliminated. William Toulman b. 1781, son of John and Milcah Pooler Toulmin (Toulmin, Part 2, pages 9 and 12) was well characterized as a surgeon and Quaker of Preston, presumably never married—his will left everything to nieces and nephews.

164. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, FamilySearch database FHL film 0844812 i 1, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NYY5-92N and Church of England Parish Baptisms, Lancashire Record Office PR 3337/1/11, page 42; online at FindMyPast.com (accessed 9 Aug 2019).

165. Church of England Parish Burials, Lancashire Record Office PR3262/1/41, age 68 (b. 1776); online at FindMyPast.com (accessed 9 Aug 2019).

166. Toulman/Swift marriage: Lancashire Banns and Marriages 1797-1813, Liverpool Record Office 283-THO-3-3, online at FindMyPast (accessed 9 Aug 2019).

167. 1841 England Census of Stockport Second District, Cheshire, Piece 108, Book 8, Folio 6, Page 7, Willm Tolman, hatter, not born in Cheshire; online at Ancestry.com (accessed 8 Aug 2019).

168. England Births and Baptisms 1538 1975; online at FindMyPast (accessed 9 Aug 2019).

169. National Burial Index for England and Wales, Jane Toulmin, age 60, born 1778; online at FindMyPast (accessed 9 Aug 2019).

170. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,833, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3NT-8JB.

171. Wilson/Talmon Marriage: England Marriages, 1538–1973, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,925, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NJJZ-RDX.

172. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearch database FHL film 93,872 and 93,873, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N5G2-GYR.

173. Toulman/Axon marriage: England, Select Cheshire Bishop’s Transcripts 1598-1900, FHL Film 1655428; online at Ancestry, cf. Donaldson Family Tree.

174. England and Wales Census, 1841 of Tynemouth, Northumberland, online at FamilySearch database https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M7W8-4L6.

175. ‘Donaldson Family Tree’, owner Donaldson92, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/33718009, some sources (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

176. Sherwood.

177. Chard is south of Taunton, Somerset and not far west of Bishop’s Lavington (West Lavington, Wiltshire).

178. ‘Henderson/Roberts Family Tree’, owner ShirleyHenderson77, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/14723773; cites only the 1716 will (accessed 9 Jul 2019).

179. Burke

180. Toulmin, Part 1, p. 13-14 and sources cited therein.

181. Sherwood, Burke; there are also a number of Pedigree Resource files (4) mentioning Abraham Toulmin that contain all sorts of fanciful descendencies that are not substantiated (except loosely by IGI w/o sources) and do not agree with any of the major compiled sources—these have been ignored.

182. Sherwood, Burke and Toulmin. Burke/Sherwood have ____ Hughes married to William (no sources), but Toulmin (Part 1, page 14-15) rebuts this effectively saying Burke reversed the two brothers. Since Toulmin is sourced, he wins the argument. He suggests Abraham may not be descended from Abraham of Chard at all, but may be a Lancashire Toulmin, b. 1675 at Bolton.

183. Toulmin (sourced), not in Sherwood or Burke.

184. London England Wills and Probate, 1507-1858, Abraham Toulmin, Stepney Parish, Middlesex, probated 15 Nov 1716; online at Ancestry.com (accessed 9 Jul 2019). The will indicates the testator had children under 21 leaving some doubt that there was an Abraham b. abt 1630 (Toulmin, Part 1, page 14).

185. Sherwood and Burke have attributed the 1716 Will to Abraham (II), but Toulmin notes that the will mentions minor children under 21 so he attributes the will to Abraham III.

186. Wood Family Tree; contends ‘Mary’ Hughes, confirmed in 1716 will (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

187. Sherwood.

188. Toulmin, Part 1, p. 15, cites Sherwood in part.

189. Toulmin, Part 1, p. 15.

190. England and Wales Non-Conformist Record Indexes (RG4-8, p. 47), 1588-1977, baptisms at Stepney, London, online at FamilySearch database https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FWFB-1MV.

191. Wood Family Tree; this tree has Mary (Hughes) Toulmin (b. 1630, husband Abraham) giving birth at age 85 to Caleb (b. 1715)! Sherwood Collection has Mary Hughes married to William Toulmin b. 1660, no birth year for Mary (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

192. Toulmin/Wilton marriage: London, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages, Burials 1538-1812, Parish Register, St. Michael, Crooked Lane, City of London, online at Ancestry (accessed 4 Aug 2019).

193. Not an error; apparently there were TWO Mary Wilton’s who married Abraham Toulmin’s (I and IV) three generations apart.

194. Sherwood.

195. Pedigree Resource File at FamilySearch, submitter: PhyllieSmilie; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:2:3V5H-R4G; based mostly on IGI data (no sources recorded).

196. Sherwood; a thirteenth child Ann has been added (without source).

197. England & Wales, Non-conformist and Non-Parochial Registers, 1567-1970, Register of Births, Marriages and Deaths: London, Gravel Lane, St. George’s East Independent, 1704-1837; online at Ancestry.com (accessed 10 Jul 2019).

198. Sherwood.

199. Toulmin/Clark marriage: London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1754-1932, online at Ancestry (accessed 5 Aug 2019).

200. Will dated 1807, proved 1815, sons Joseph and Nathaniel appointed executors, names gdau Mary Toulmin and brother John Clarke.

201. England and Wales, Non-conformist and Non-parochial Registers 1567-1970, online at FamilySearcht database Film 0597096; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FWKV-L8M.

202. Sherwood.

203. Will dated 1808, proved 1809.

204. Toulmin/Petty marriage: England, Select Marriages 1538-1973, FHL Film 561155, online at Ancestry (accessed 5 Aug 2019).

205. Sherwood.

206. England and Wales, Non-conformist and Non-parochial Registers 1567-1970, online at Ancestry.com (accessed 5 Aug 2019).

207. Sergeant/Toulmin marriage: London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1754-1932, online at Ancestry (accessed 5 Aug 2019).

208. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, online at FamilySearcht database Film 0597096; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NPZL-WDH.

2090. Barker/Toulmin marriage: London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1754-1932, online at Ancestry (accessed 5 Aug 2019).

210. ‘Rudd Family Tree’, owner Anna Rudd, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/161736794, no sources lo (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

211. Sherwood.

212. Toulmin/Howson marriage: London and Surrey, Marriage Bonds and Allegations, 1597-1921, online at Ancestry.com (accessed 10 Jul 2019).

213. Toulmin/Skinner marriage: London and Surrey, Marriage Bonds and Allegations, 1597-1921, cites bride’s and groom’s age/b’date online at Ancestry.com (accessed 10 Jul 2019).

214. Wood Family Tree.

215. UK and Ireland Findagrave #112602714.

216. Stephen, Leslie, ed. Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 19 (London: MacMillan Company, 1909) p. 1009.; a lengthy biography mentioning a relative Samuel Morton Toulmin and a son Harry Toulmin, who immigrated 1793 to America (Kentucky)…and many more details.

217. Toulman has much more information and other relevant sources, Part 1, page 9.

218. Everman, H. E. Governor James Garrard (Richmond, Kentucky: Cooper’s Run Press, 1981) page 34.

219. ‘Schlittler Family Tree’, owner kephrm, www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/112764835; the tree only goes back to Lucinda Jane Toulmin (accessed 26 Jun 2019).

220. Wood Family Tree.

221. Ancestry Public Member Photos.

222. Barclay/Toulmin marriage: London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, witness: Wm Toulmine (her younger brother?); online at Ancestry.com (accessed 30 Apr 2020).

223. Ann was married at St. Luke’s, Islington which is close to origins of these parents (Mary Wilton was from Newgate St.) but reasonably far from Wapping. There are very few records of any kind in this time period.

224. CherylTaylor Tree.

225. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NPL3-4Z4, parents Richard and Ann Barclay.

226. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J38X-1JT, parents Richard and Ann Barclay.

227. England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J8BG-8J7, age 73 yrs.

228. England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, FamilySearch, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JW71-8G9, parents Richard and Ann Barclay.